Structural and biochemical mechanism responsible for the stay-green phenotype in common wheat

In order to increase the supply of assimilated carbon to grain, a new stay-green wheat cultivar, Chuannong17 (CN17), with delayed leaf senescence, carrying wheat-rye 1RS.1BL translo- cated chromosome was developed. CN17 exhibited distinct differences in net photosynthetic rate (Pn), chlorophyll (Chl) content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, activity of both superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) during the grain filling stage, and flag leaf senescence compared with the control. The new cultivar maintained longer and higher photosyn- thetic competence compared with the control, and this aspect correlated with the difference in chloro-plast development. Moreover, the stay-green pheno-type of CN17 was also observed under natural growth conditions. Consequently, the coordination of the physiological, biochemical, and structural aspects in the stay-green cultivar produced higher seed weights and per-plant yield compared with the control cultivar.     

新疆达坂城盐湖中度嗜盐菌的分类研究

中度嗜盐菌作为一类新型微生物资源,已经在很多方面应用.从新疆达坂城盐湖18个样品分离得到17株中度嗜盐菌,其中11株为革兰氏阳性,6株为革兰氏阴性.并在中科院微生物所完成表型测定.文章研究的目的在于对该地区中度嗜盐菌进行分类鉴定.     

紫色非硫光合细菌培养基条件优化的研究

采用光合细菌中的紫色非硫细菌为材料,通过单因素试验和正交试验分析了其对碳源、氮源、酵母膏和复合无机盐的利用能力.结果表明,乙酸钠和酵母膏对紫色非硫细菌的生长影响达到显著水平;其优化培养基为每升中含乙酸钠3 g、氯化铵3 g、酵母膏0.1 g,复合无机盐溶液1 mL,这为快速培养高活性光合细菌奠定了基础.     

模拟昼夜变温对水稻幼苗某些生理生化特性的影响

利用人工气候箱,模拟不同昼夜温度培养水稻品种粤香占幼苗。实验结果表明,昼夜变温处理对水稻幼苗的某些生理生化指标产生明显影响:幼苗的呼吸速率随夜间温度的下降而降低;30/20℃处理组水稻幼苗的淀粉酶活性最高(比30/30℃处理的对照高16.67%)、光合速率为最高(比对照高10.52%~19.60%);而30/15℃处理组的脱氢酶活性最高(比对照高13.86%)、叶绿素含量为最高(比对照高19.31%~20.36%)。     

一株具抗肿瘤活性的北极细菌的筛选及分子鉴定

在中国首次北极科学考察期间，从北极海域采集了水体，沉积物等样品，从中分离得到一批嗜冷细菌，采用MTT法对这些北极海洋细菌进行了细胞毒活性物质的筛选，得到一株具有细胞毒活性的菌株。采用16SrDNA序列分析及系统发育分析方法对该株菌株进行了分子鉴定。     

Hydrogen Production with High Evolution Rate and High Yield by Immobilized Cells of Hydrogen-producing Bacteria Strain B49 in a Column Reactor

To improve the hydrogen evolution rate in continuous hydrogen production of a novel fermentative hydrogen-producing bacteria strain B49 (AF481148 in EMBL), 4 % immobilized cells by polyvinyl alcohol-boric acid method, with the addition of a small amount of calcium alginate in a column reactor obtain hydrogen yield of 2.31 mol H2/mol glucose and hydrogen evolution rate of 1435.4 ml/L culture*h respectively at medium retention time of 2.0 h with a medium containing 10g glucose/L. Moreover, as the cell density in gel beads is increased to 8%, hydrogen yield and hydrogen evolution rate for 10g glucose/L are 2.34 mol H2/mol glucose and 2912.4 ml/L culture*h respectively at medium retention time of 1.0 h, and for molasses wastewater COD of 7505.9 mg/L hydrogen production potential of 205.6 ml/g COD and hydrogen evolution rate of 2057.7 ml/L culture*h at hydraulic retention time of 0.75 h are observed. In the continuous culture pH value keeps around 3.9 by self-regulating.     

麻栎光合作用的特性及其对CO2倍增的响应

研究了 1 2年生麻栎的光合作用特性、净光合速率的日变化及其对CO2 倍增的响应。结果表明 :( 1 )麻栎叶片的光饱和点约为 1 2 0 0 μmol/ (m2 ·s) ,光补偿点约为 50 μmol/ (m2 ·s) ,表观光量子效率为 0 .0 2 5mol/mol。麻栎叶片CO2 补偿点为 60 μmol/mol,CO2 饱和点为1 2 0 0 μmol/mol,叶片的羧化效率为 0 .0 2 ,麻栎为喜光的C3植物 ;( 2 )麻栎叶片的净光合速率日变化在生长初期和末期为单峰曲线 ,其走势与光合有效辐射走势一致 ;而在生长盛期为双峰曲线 ,净光合速率在中午出现了明显的下降 ;( 3 )主成份分析表明 ,影响麻栎净光速率的主导因子在生长初期是光强和叶室CO2 浓度 ,在生长盛期是饱和蒸汽压差和温度 ,在生长末期是饱和蒸汽压差和相对湿度 ;( 4 )CO2 倍增条件下 ,麻栎叶片净光合作用速率平均增幅为 89.1 7%。     

采用生物统计法优化光合细菌产类胡萝卜素条件的研究

对一株类胡萝卜素含量较高的紫色非硫细菌红杆菌属的7—1菌株采用生物统计学上的正交实验法,分别进行四因子3水平和五因子4水平的正交实验,获得类胡萝卜素产量相对较高的培养条件,以乳酸钠为碳源,谷氨酸钠为氮源,酵母青为生长因子,5mg/L MgSO_4,2mg/L Fe_2(SO_4)_3,1500～2000lx光照度,28—30℃,微好氧培养48h。在此条件下,7—1菌株的类胡萝卜素产量由21.9mg/g_(干菌体)提局到54.7mmg/g_(干菌体)。     

Ecology and physiology of phototrophic bacteria and sulfate-reducing bacteria in marine salterns

Marine salterns are habitats for a large variety of halophilic bacteria. In the anoxic zones, halophilic sulfur bacteria develop mainly at the sediment surface, but only a few of them have so far been isolated from such environments. Among the phototrophic sulfur bacteria that sometimes form purple layers underneath the green cyanobacterial layers, members of the generaEctothiodhodospira, Chromatium (C. salexigens), Thiocapsa (T. halophila) were isolated. They grow by using sulfide as an electron donor. In the marine salterns, sulfide originates from active sulfate reduction. Among the halophilic sulfate-reducing bacteria, onlyDesulfovibrio halophilus andDesulfohalobium retbaense have so far been isolated. The ecology and physiology of both kinds of bacteria are discussed in this paper.     

光合细菌P—3作为几种浮游动物与鱼类饵料添加剂的试验

本试验系采用福州菜地沟泥分离和培养出来的光含细菌P-3菌液作为饵料添加剂,培养发头裸腹(?)和花箧臂尾轮虫均有增产效果;培养短盖巨脂鲤鱼苗、革胡子鲶鱼苗和饲养鹤顶红金鱼均提高成活率,同时,可减少水体的换水次数。试验表明,此细菌有开发和利用的价值。